Normalization procedure for obtaining the local density of states from high-bias scanning tunneling spectroscopy

Differential conductance spectroscopy performed in the high bias regime---in which applied voltage exceeds sample work function---is a suboptimal measure of local density states due to effects changing tunnel barrier. Additionally, large oftentimes makes constant-height measurement experimentally impractical, lending constant-current an advantageous edge; but differential that case is even further removed from tip height. Here, we present normalization scheme for extracting scanning tunneling spectroscopy, obtained either or mode. We extend this model account in-plane momentum probed overall current. demonstrate validity proposed by applying it laterally confined field-emission resonances, appear as peak-shaped spectroscopic features with well-defined momentum.